{PDOC00402}
{PS00439; ACYLTRANSF_C_1}
{PS00440; ACYLTRANSF_C_2}
{BEGIN}
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* Acyltransferases ChoActase / COT / CPT family signatures *
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A number of eukaryotic acetyltransferases  can  be,  on  the basis of sequence
similarities, grouped together into a family. These enzymes are:

 - Choline o-acetyltransferase  (EC 2.3.1.6)   (ChoAcTase), an   enzyme   that
   catalyzes the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine [1].
 - Carnitine o-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.7) [2].
 - Peroxisomal carnitine octanoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.-)  (COT), a fatty acid
   beta-oxidation pathway enzyme which is involved in the transport of medium-
   chain acyl-coenzyme A's from peroxisome to mitochondria [3].
 - Mitochondrial  carnitine  O-palmitoyltransferases  I  and  II (EC 2.3.1.21)
   (CPT), enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and transport [4].
 - Yeast hypothetical protein YER024w.
 - Mycoplasma pneumoniae putative acetyltransferase C09_orf600.

These enzymes  share  many  regions  of  sequence  similarities.  As signature
patterns we  selected  two of these regions.  The  first one,  located  in the
N-terminal section of  these enzymes is characterized by the presence of three
[LIVM]-P dipeptides. The second region, located in the central  part  of these
enzymes is  characterized  by the conservation of a number of charged residues
including an  histidine  which  probably plays a crucial role in the catalytic
mechanism [5].

-Consensus pattern: [LI]-[PK]-x-[LVPQ]-P-[IVTAL]-P-x-[LIVMA]-x-[DENQAS]-[ST]-
                    [LIVMA]-x(2)-[LY]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL,  except
 4.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Consensus pattern: R-[FYW]-x-[DA]-[KA]-x(0,1)-[LIVMFY]-x-[LIVMFY](2)-x(3)-
                    [DNS]-[GSA]-x(6)-[DE]-[HS]-x(3)-[DE]-[GAC]
                    [H may be an active site residue]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Last update: December 2004 / Patterns and text revised.

[ 1] Berrard S., Brice A., Lottspeich F., Braun A., Barde Y.-A., Mallet J.
     "cDNA cloning and complete sequence of porcine choline
     acetyltransferase: in vitro translation of the corresponding RNA
     yields an active protein."
     Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:9280-9284(1987).
     PubMed=3480542
[ 2] Kispal G., Sumegi B., Dietmeier K., Bock I., Gajdos G., Tomcsanyi T.,
     Sandor A.
     "Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding Saccharomyces cerevisiae
     carnitine acetyltransferase. Use of the cDNA in gene disruption
     studies."
     J. Biol. Chem. 268:1824-1829(1993).
     PubMed=8420957
[ 3] Chatterjee B., Song C.S., Kim J.-M., Roy A.K.
     "Cloning, sequencing, and regulation of rat liver carnitine
     octanoyltransferase: transcriptional stimulation of the enzyme during
     peroxisome proliferation."
     Biochemistry 27:9000-9006(1988).
     PubMed=3233218
[ 4] Esser V., Britton C.H., Weis B.C., Foster D.W., McGarry J.D.
     "Cloning, sequencing, and expression of a cDNA encoding rat liver
     carnitine palmitoyltransferase I. Direct evidence that a single
     polypeptide is involved in inhibitor interaction and catalytic
     function."
     J. Biol. Chem. 268:5817-5822(1993).
     PubMed=8449948
[ 5] Schmalix W., Bandlow W.
     "The ethanol-inducible YAT1 gene from yeast encodes a presumptive
     mitochondrial outer carnitine acetyltransferase."
     J. Biol. Chem. 268:27428-27439(1993).
     PubMed=8262985

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