{PDOC00496}
{PS00573; PYRIDINE_REDOX_2}
{BEGIN}
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* Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductases class-II active site *
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The pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductases are FAD flavoproteins which
contains a pair of redox-active cysteines involved in the transfer of reducing
equivalents from the FAD cofactor to the substrate.   On the basis of sequence
and  structural similarities [1]  these enzymes  can  be  classified  into two
categories. The second category groups together the following enzymes:

 - Bacterial and fungal thioredoxin reductase (EC 1.8.1.9) (gene trxB) [2].
 - Salmonella typhimurium  alkyl  hydroperoxide  reductase  protein F52a (gene
   aphF) [3], an enzyme that serves to protect  the cell against damage to DNA
   by alkyl hydroperoxides.
 - NADH dehydrogenase (EC 1.6.99.3) from Bacillus strain YN-1 (gene ndh) [4].
 - A probable oxidoreductase which is encoded  in the Clostridium pasteurianum
   rubredoxin operon [5].
 - Yeast hypothetical protein YHR106w.

The sequence around the  two cysteines involved  in the redox-active disulfide
bond is conserved and can be used as a signature pattern.

-Consensus pattern: C-x(2)-C-D-[GAS]-x(2,4)-[FYA]-x(4)-[LIVMAT]-x(0,1)-
                    [LIVM](2)-[GI]-[GDS]-[GRD]-[DN]
                    [The two C's form the active site disulfide bond]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
-Last update: December 2004 / Pattern and text revised.

[ 1] Kurlyan J., Krishna T.S.R., Wong L., Guenther B., Pahler A.,
     Williams C.H. Jr., Model P.
     Nature 352:172-174(1991).
[ 2] Russel M., Model P.
     "Sequence of thioredoxin reductase from Escherichia coli. Relationship
     to other flavoprotein disulfide oxidoreductases."
     J. Biol. Chem. 263:9015-9019(1988).
     PubMed=3288628
[ 3] Tartaglia L.A., Storz G., Brodsky M.H., Lai A., Ames B.N.
     "Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase from Salmonella typhimurium. Sequence
     and homology to thioredoxin reductase and other flavoprotein disulfide
     oxidoreductases."
     J. Biol. Chem. 265:10535-10540(1990).
     PubMed=2191951
[ 4] Xu X.M., Koyama N., Cui M., Yamagishi A., Nosoh Y., Oshima T.
     "Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding NADH dehydrogenase from an
     alkalophile, Bacillus sp. strain YN-1."
     J. Biochem. 109:678-683(1991).
     PubMed=1917890
[ 5] Mathieu I., Meyer J., Moulis J.M.
     "Cloning, sequencing and expression in Escherichia coli of the
     rubredoxin gene from Clostridium pasteurianum."
     Biochem. J. 285:255-262(1992).
     PubMed=1637309

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