{PDOC50887}
{PS50887; GGDEF}
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* GGDEF domain profile *
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The GGDEF  domain,  which  has been named after the conserved central sequence
pattern GG[DE][DE]F  is  widespread in prokaryotes. It is typically present in
multidomain  proteins  containing  regulatory domains of signaling pathways or
protein-protein or  protein-ligand  interaction  modules, such as the response
regulatory domain  (see  <PDOC50110)),  the  EAL domain (see <PDOC50883>), the
PAS/PAC  domain  (see  <PDOC50112>),  the  HAMP domain  (see <PDOC50885>), the
GAF  domain,  the  FHA  domain  (see  <PS50006>) or the TPR repeat. However  a
few single-domain  proteins  are  also known. The GGDEF domain is involved  in
signal transduction  and  is  likely  to  catalyze  synthesis or hydrolysis of
cyclic diguanylate  (c-diGMP,  bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid), an effector
molecule that consists of two cGMP moieties bound head-to-tail [1,2,3].

Some proteins known to contain a GGDEF domain are listed below:

 - Acetobacter    xylinus    diguanylate    cyclases   (DGCs)   and   c-di-GMP
   phosphodiesterases A (PDEAs).
 - Bacillus subtilis hypothetical protein yhcK.
 - Caulobacter  crescentus  pleD  protein,  a response regulator that controls
   cell differentiation in the swarmer-to-stalked cell transition.
 - Rhizobium celR2, a putative response regulator protein.
 - Salmonella protein adrA.

The profile we developed covers the entire GGDEF domain.

-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
-Last update: February 2003 / Text revised.

[ 1] Galperin M.Y., Nikolskaya A.N., Koonin E.V.
     "Novel domains of the prokaryotic two-component signal transduction
     systems."
     FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 203:11-21(2001).
     PubMed=11557134
[ 2] Ausmees N., Mayer R., Weinhouse H., Volman G., Amikam D., Benziman M.,
     Lindberg M.
     "Genetic data indicate that proteins containing the GGDEF domain
     possess diguanylate cyclase activity."
     FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 204:163-167(2001).
     PubMed=11682196
[ 3] Pei J., Grishin N.V.
     "GGDEF domain is homologous to adenylyl cyclase."
     Proteins 42:210-216(2001).
     PubMed=11119645

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