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PROSITE documentation PDOC50103 [for PROSITE entry PS50103]
Zinc finger C3H1-type profile


Description

The well conserved cysteine-histidine arrangement, C-x(8)-C-x(5)-C-x(3)-H, of the C3H1-type zinc finger is present in many eukaryotic proteins from yeast to mammals. In various proteins the C3H1-type zinc finger has been shown to interact with the 3'-untranslated region of mRNAs (see below). It is very often present in two copies [1,2].

The structure of the two C3H1-type zinc fingers of the protein TIS11d bound to its target mRNA has been solved (see <PDB:1RGO>) [3]. The two zinc fingers fold independently to form small, compact domains connected by the linker sequence. The polypeptide backbone adopts little regular secondary structure. In each zinc finger, there is a short α-helix immediately after the first cysteine ligand and a turn of 3/10 helix between the second and third cysteine ligands. All amino acid residues that exhibit intermolecular contacts with the RNA are positioned on a single surface of each zinc finger.

Some proteins known to contain a C3H1-type zinc finger are listed below:

  • Mammalian tristetraprolin (TTP) proteins, prototype of the C3H1 zinc finger proteins, inhibit TNF α production from macrophages by destabilizing its messenger RNA [2]. TTP is a specific RNA-binding protein; the region encompassing the two C3H1-type zinc fingers recognizes nonameric UUAUUUAUU sequences present in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of TNF α [4,5].
  • Eukaryotic TIS/CTH family. Regulatory protein involved in regulating the response to growth factors similar to TTP. The tandem zinc finger domain of the protein TIS11d binds to the class II AU-rich element (ARE) in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of target mRNAs and promotes their deadenylation and degradation [6].
  • Eukaryotic U2AG, U2R1, U2R2 proteins, small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (1 or 2 copies).
  • Caenorhabditis Elegans PIE1 protein. It is required for specification of embryonic germ cells lineage and for the lack of mRNA transcription in these cells (2 copies).
  • Caenorhabditis Elegans POS-1 protein. A cytoplasmic protein similar to TIS11, essential for germ line specification in C. elegans (2 copies).
  • Eukaryotic cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 (Cpsf4) protein. It plays a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. Cpsf4 binds RNA polymers with a preference for poly(U) (5 copies).
  • Schizosaccharomyces pombe ZFS1 protein. It was isolated as a suppressor of the sterility caused by overexpression of a double-stranded RNase (2 copies).
  • Human Z183 protein, contains one ring finger and one C3H1-type zinc finger.
  • Mammalian Nucleoporin-like 2, required for the export of mRNAs containing poly(A) tails from the nucleus into the cytoplasm (1 copy).

The profile we developed covers the entire C3H1-type zinc finger.

Last update:

June 2008 / First entry.

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Technical section

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

ZF_C3H1, PS50103; Zinc finger C3H1-type profile  (MATRIX)


References

1AuthorsHall T.M.
TitleMultiple modes of RNA recognition by zinc finger proteins.
SourceCurr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 15:367-373(2005).
PubMed ID15963892
DOI10.1016/j.sbi.2005.04.004

2AuthorsBrown R.S.
TitleZinc finger proteins: getting a grip on RNA.
SourceCurr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 15:94-98(2005).
PubMed ID15718139
DOI10.1016/j.sbi.2005.01.006

3AuthorsHudson B.P. Martinez-Yamout M.A. Dyson H.J. Wright P.E.
TitleRecognition of the mRNA AU-rich element by the zinc finger domain of TIS11d.
SourceNat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 11:257-264(2004).
PubMed ID14981510
DOI10.1038/nsmb738

4AuthorsLai W.S. Carballo E. Strum J.R. Kennington E.A. Phillips R.S. Blackshear P.J.
TitleEvidence that tristetraprolin binds to AU-rich elements and promotes the deadenylation and destabilization of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA.
SourceMol. Cell. Biol. 19:4311-4323(1999).
PubMed ID10330172

5AuthorsLai W.S. Parker J.S. Grissom S.F. Stumpo D.J. Blackshear P.J.
TitleNovel mRNA targets for tristetraprolin (TTP) identified by global analysis of stabilized transcripts in TTP-deficient fibroblasts.
SourceMol. Cell. Biol. 26:9196-9208(2006).
PubMed ID17030620
DOI10.1128/MCB.00945-06

6AuthorsHudson B.P. Martinez-Yamout M.A. Dyson H.J. Wright P.E.
TitleRecognition of the mRNA AU-rich element by the zinc finger domain of TIS11d.
SourceNat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 11:257-264(2004).
PubMed ID14981510
DOI10.1038/nsmb738



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