PROSITE documentation PDOC60015 [for PROSITE entry PS60015]Mu-agatoxin family signature
Spider mu-agatoxins are cysteine-rich insecticidal polypeptides, which cause gradual but irreversible paralysis. These toxins cause repetitive firing and massive transmitter release (which is mediated by glutamate receptors) from presynaptic stores at neuromuscular junctions [1].
The mu-agatoxin family contains:
- Mu-agatoxin 1-6 from Agelenopsis aperta (Funnel-web spider),
- Curtatoxin 1-3 from Hololena curta (Funnel-web spider),
- Delta-palutoxin IT1, IT2, IT3 and IT4 from Paracoelotes luctuosus (Spider),
- Toxin ACTX-Hi:OB4219 from Hadronyche infensa (Fraser island funnel-web spider).
Mu-agatoxin family proteins have a [C-C-CC-C-C-C-C] cysteine arrangement. The three dimensional structure of mu-agatoxins possesses a knottin scafold (see <PDOC60004>) [E1] with a fourth pair of cysteine residues (marked '#' in the following schematic representation) involved in a vicinal disulfide linkage.
+-------------+
| | # #
CxxxxxxCxxxxxxxCCxxxxCxCxxxxxCxC
| || | | |
+---------------+ +-----+ |
+---------------+
'C': conserved cysteine involved in a disulfide bond. '#': fourth pair of cysteine residues.
Our signature pattern for mu-agatoxins contains the eight conserved cysteines involved in disulfide bonds.
Expert(s) to contact by email: Last update:June 2005 / First entry.
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| 1 | Authors | Skinner W.S. Adams M.E. Quistad G.B. Kataoka H. Cesarin B.J. Enderlin F.E. Schooley D.A. |
| Title | Purification and characterization of two classes of neurotoxins from the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. | |
| Source | J. Biol. Chem. 264:2150-2155(1989). | |
| PubMed ID | 2914898 |
| E1 | Title | https://bioserv.cbs.cnrs.fr |
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