{PDOC00013} {PS51257; PROKAR_LIPOPROTEIN} {BEGIN} ****************************************************************** * Prokaryotic membrane lipoprotein lipid attachment site profile * ****************************************************************** In prokaryotes, membrane lipoproteins are synthesized with a precursor signal peptide, which is cleaved by a specific lipoprotein signal peptidase (signal peptidase II). The peptidase recognizes a conserved sequence and cuts upstream of a cysteine residue to which a glyceride-fatty acid lipid is attached [1]. Some of the proteins known to undergo such processing currently include (for recent listings see [1,2,3]): - Major outer membrane lipoprotein (murein-lipoproteins) (gene lpp). - Escherichia coli lipoprotein-28 (gene nlpA). - Escherichia coli lipoprotein-34 (gene nlpB). - Escherichia coli lipoprotein nlpC. - Escherichia coli lipoprotein nlpD. - Escherichia coli osmotically inducible lipoprotein B (gene osmB). - Escherichia coli osmotically inducible lipoprotein E (gene osmE). - Escherichia coli peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (gene pal). - Escherichia coli rare lipoproteins A and B (genes rplA and rplB). - Escherichia coli copper homeostasis protein cutF (or nlpE). - Escherichia coli plasmids traT proteins. - Escherichia coli Col plasmids lysis proteins. - A number of Bacillus beta-lactamases. - Bacillus subtilis periplasmic oligopeptide-binding protein (gene oppA). - Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface proteins A and B (genes ospA and ospB). - Borrelia hermsii variable major protein 21 (gene vmp21) and 7 (gene vmp7). - Chlamydia trachomatis outer membrane protein 3 (gene omp3). - Fibrobacter succinogenes endoglucanase cel-3. - Haemophilus influenzae proteins Pal and Pcp. - Klebsiella pullulunase (gene pulA). - Klebsiella pullulunase secretion protein pulS. - Mycoplasma hyorhinis protein p37. - Mycoplasma hyorhinis variant surface antigens A, B, and C (genes vlpABC). - Neisseria outer membrane protein H.8. - Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopeptide (gene lppL). - Pseudomonas solanacearum endoglucanase egl. - Rhodopseudomonas viridis reaction center cytochrome subunit (gene cytC). - Rickettsia 17 Kd antigen. - Shigella flexneri invasion plasmid proteins mxiJ and mxiM. - Streptococcus pneumoniae oligopeptide transport protein A (gene amiA). - Treponema pallidium 34 Kd antigen. - Treponema pallidium membrane protein A (gene tmpA). - Vibrio harveyi chitobiase (gene chb). - Yersinia virulence plasmid protein yscJ. - Halocyanin from Natrobacterium pharaonis [4], a membrane associated copper- binding protein. This is the first archaebacterial protein known to be modified in such a fashion). From the precursor sequences of all these proteins, we derived a profile that starts at the beginning of the sequence and ends after the post-translationally modified cysteine. -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL. -Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: some 100 prokaryotic proteins. Some of them are not membrane lipoproteins, but at least half of them could be. -Note: This profile replace an obsolete rule. All the information in the rule has been encoded in the profile format. -Last update: October 2006 / Text revised; profiles added; rule deleted. [ 1] Hayashi S., Wu H.C. "Lipoproteins in bacteria." J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 22:451-471(1990). PubMed=2202727 [ 2] Klein P., Somorjai R.L., Lau P.C.K. "Distinctive properties of signal sequences from bacterial lipoproteins." Protein Eng. 2:15-20(1988). PubMed=3253732 [ 3] von Heijne G. Protein Eng. 2:531-534(1989). [ 4] Mattar S., Scharf B., Kent S.B.H., Rodewald K., Oesterhelt D., Engelhard M. "The primary structure of halocyanin, an archaeal blue copper protein, predicts a lipid anchor for membrane fixation." J. Biol. Chem. 269:14939-14945(1994). PubMed=8195126 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see https://prosite.expasy.org/prosite_license.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {END}