{PDOC00110} {PS00120; LIPASE_SER} {BEGIN} ******************************* * Lipases, serine active site * ******************************* Triglyceride lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) [1] are lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyzes the ester bond of triglycerides. Lipases are widely distributed in animals, plants and prokaryotes. In higher vertebrates there are at least three tissue- specific isozymes: pancreatic, hepatic, and gastric/lingual. These three types of lipases are closely related to each other as well as to lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) [2], which hydrolyzes triglycerides of chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). The most conserved region in all these proteins is centered around a serine residue which has been shown [3] to participate, with an histidine and an aspartic acid residue, to a charge relay system. Such a region is also present in lipases of prokaryotic origin and in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.43) (LCAT) [4], which catalyzes fatty acid transfer between phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. We have built a pattern from that region. -Consensus pattern: [LIV]-{KG}-[LIVFY]-[LIVMST]-G-[HYWV]-S-{YAG}-G-[GSTAC] [S is the active site residue] -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL. -Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: 38. -Note: Drosophila vitellogenins are also related to lipases [5], but they have lost their active site serine. -Last update: December 2004 / Pattern and text revised. [ 1] Chapus C., Rovery M., Sarda L., Verger R. "Minireview on pancreatic lipase and colipase." Biochimie 70:1223-1234(1988). PubMed=3147715 [ 2] Persson B., Bengtsson-Olivecrona G., Enerback S., Olivecrona T., Jornvall H. "Structural features of lipoprotein lipase. Lipase family relationships, binding interactions, non-equivalence of lipase cofactors, vitellogenin similarities and functional subdivision of lipoprotein lipase." Eur. J. Biochem. 179:39-45(1989). PubMed=2917565 [ 3] Blow D. "Enzymology. More of the catalytic triad." Nature 343:694-695(1990). PubMed=2304545; DOI=10.1038/343694a0 [ 4] McLean J., Fielding C., Drayna D., Dieplinger H., Baer B., Kohr W., Henzel W., Lawn R. "Cloning and expression of human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase cDNA." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:2335-2339(1986). PubMed=3458198 [ 5] Baker M.E. "Is vitellogenin an ancestor of apolipoprotein B-100 of human low-density lipoprotein and human lipoprotein lipase?" Biochem. J. 255:1057-1060(1988). PubMed=3145737 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see https://prosite.expasy.org/prosite_license.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {END}