{PDOC00250} {PS00277; STAPH_STREP_TOXIN_1} {PS00278; STAPH_STREP_TOXIN_2} {BEGIN} ****************************************************************************** * Staphylococcal enterotoxins / Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins signatures * ****************************************************************************** Staphylococcal enterotoxins and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins constitute a family of biologically and structurally related toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes [1,2]. These toxins share the ability to bind to the major histocompatibility complex proteins of their hosts. The toxins that belong to this family are: - Staphylococcal enterotoxins are the cause of staphylococcal food poisoning syndrome. The sequence of six different enterotoxins is known: SEA, SEB, SEC1, SEC3, SED, and SEE. - Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins are the causative agents of the symptoms associated with scarlet fever. The sequence of two pyrogenic exotoxins is known: SPEA, and SPEC. - Staphylococcus aureus toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). While the enterotoxins and the pyrogenic exotoxins are closely related, TSST-1 seems to be only distantly related to the other toxins. We developed two patterns for this family of toxins. The first one is based on a well conserved region of enterotoxins and pyrogenic exotoxins, but which does not pick up TSST-1; the second pattern is derived from a more diffuse region of similarity common to all these toxins. -Consensus pattern: Y-G(2)-[LIV]-T-{I}-{N}-x(2)-N -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except for TSST-1. -Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: 2. -Consensus pattern: K-x(2)-[LIVF]-x(4)-[LIVF]-D-x(3)-R-x(2)-L-x(5)-[LIV]-Y -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL. -Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE. -Last update: April 2006 / Pattern revised. [ 1] Iandolo J.J. "Genetic analysis of extracellular toxins of Staphylococcus aureus." Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 43:375-402(1989). PubMed=2679358; DOI=10.1146/annurev.mi.43.100189.002111 [ 2] Marrack P., Kappler J. "The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives." Science 248:705-711(1990). PubMed=2185544 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see https://prosite.expasy.org/prosite_license.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {END}