{PDOC00267}
{PS00295; ARRESTINS}
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* Arrestins signature *
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Arrestin (or S-antigen) [1] is a protein  that interacts  with light-activated
phosphorylated  rhodopsin  thereby  inhibiting  or 'arresting'  its ability to
interact with transducin.   In mammals, arrestin is associated with autoimmune
uveitis.

Arrestin belongs to a family of closely related proteins including:

 - Beta-arrestin-1  and  -2,  proteins  that  regulate  the  function of beta-
   adrenergic receptors.  They  bind  to the phosphorylated form of the latter
   thereby causing a significant impairment of their capacity to activate G(S)
   proteins.
 - Cone  photoreceptors  C-arrestin  (arrestin-X)  [2],  which  could  bind to
   phosphorylated red/green opsins.
 - Phosrestins  I  and  II from Drosophila and related insects. These proteins
   undergo light-induced   phosphorylation  and  play  an  important  role  in
   photoreceptor transduction.

Sequence comparison of proteins from the arrestin family shows a high level of
conservation. As  a  signature pattern, we selected a region located in the N-
terminal section that contains many charged and hydrophobic residues.

-Consensus pattern: [FY]-R-Y-G-x-[DE](2)-x-[DE]-[LIVM](2)-G-[LIVM]-x-F-x-[RK]-
                    [DEQ]-[LIVM]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Expert(s) to contact by email:
           Kolakowski L.F. Jr.; kolakowski@uthsca.edu

-Last update: November 1997 / Pattern and text revised.

[ 1] Wilson C.J., Applebury M.L.
     "Arresting G-protein coupled receptor activity."
     Curr. Biol. 3:683-686(1993).
     PubMed=15335861
[ 2] Craft C.M., Whitmore D.H.
     "The arrestin superfamily: cone arrestins are a fourth family."
     FEBS Lett. 362:247-255(1995).
     PubMed=7720881

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