{PDOC00410}
{PS00900; RNA_POL_PHAGE_1}
{PS00489; RNA_POL_PHAGE_2}
{BEGIN}
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* Bacteriophage-type RNA polymerase family active site signatures *
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Many forms of RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6) are known.  Most RNA polymerases are
multimeric enzymes, but there is a family of  single  chain polymerases, which
are evolutionary  related,  and  which  originate  from bacteriophages or from
mitochondria. The RNA polymerases that belong to this family are [1]:

 - Podoviridae bacteriophages T3, T7, and K11 polymerase.
 - Bacteriophage SP6 polymerase.
 - Vertebrate mitochondrial polymerase (gene POLRMT).
 - Fungal mitochondrial polymerase (gene RPO41).
 - Polymerases encoded  on mitochondrial linear  DNA plasmids in various fungi
   and plants: Agaricus bitorquis pEM,   Claviceps purpurea pClK1,  Neurospora
   crassa Kalilo; Neurospora intermedia Maranhar and maize S-2).

Two conserved aspartate and  one  lysine residue  have  been shown [2,3] to be
part of the active site of T7 polymerase.  We have used the regions around the
first aspartate and around the lysine as signature patterns for this family of
polymerases.

-Consensus pattern: P-[LIVM]-x(2)-D-[GA]-[ST]-[AC]-[SN]-[GA]-[LIVMFY]-Q
                    [D is the active site residue]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Consensus pattern: [LIVMF]-x-R-x(3)-K-x(2)-[LIVMF]-M-[PT]-x(2)-Y
                    [K is the active site residue]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Last update: July 1999 / Text revised.

[ 1] McAllister W.T., Raskin C.A.
     "The phage RNA polymerases are related to DNA polymerases and reverse
     transcriptases."
     Mol. Microbiol. 10:1-6(1993).
     PubMed=7526118
[ 2] Maksimova T.G., Mustayev A.A., Zaychikov E.F., Lyakhov D.L.,
     Tunitskaya V.L., Akbarov A.K., Luchin S.V., Rechinsky V.O.,
     Chernov B.K., Kochetkov S.N.
     "Lys631 residue in the active site of the bacteriophage T7 RNA
     polymerase. Affinity labeling and site-directed mutagenesis."
     Eur. J. Biochem. 195:841-847(1991).
     PubMed=1847871
[ 3] Sousa R., Chung Y.J., Rose J.P., Wang B.-C.
     "Crystal structure of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase at 3.3 A
     resolution."
     Nature 364:593-599(1993).
     PubMed=7688864; DOI=10.1038/364593a0

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