{PDOC00487}
{PS00563; STATHMIN_1}
{PS01041; STATHMIN_2}
{PS51663; STATHMIN_3}
{BEGIN}
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* Stathmin family signatures and stathmin-like (SLD) domain profile *
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Stathmin [1] (from the Greek 'stathmos' which means relay),  is an  ubiquitous
intracellular protein, present in a variety  of phosphorylated forms and which
is involved  in  the  regulation  of  the  microtubule (MT) filament system by
destabilizing microtubules.  It  prevents assembly and promotes disassembly of
microtubules.

Stathmin belongs to a family that also includes:

 - Stathmin 2 (Protein SCG10); a  neuron-specific, membrane-associated protein
   that accumulates  in  the  growth cones of developing neurons. It is highly
   similar in  its  sequence  to  stathmin, but differs in that it contains an
   additional N-terminal hydrophobic segment of 32 residues  which is probably
   responsible for its interaction with membranes.
 - Stathmin   3  (SCG10-like  protein;  SCLIP)  [2];  a  protein  specifically
   expressed in neurons.
 - Stathmin  4  (Stathmin-like  protein  B3);  which contains an additional N-
   terminal hydrophobic domain [3].

These proteins  possess  a  stathmin-like domain (SLD) with various N-terminal
extensions. SLD  is  a  highly  conserved  domain  of 149 amino acid residues.
Structurally, it  consists  of  an  N-terminal  domain  of  about  45 residues
followed by  a  78  residue alpha-helical domain consisting of a heptad repeat
coiled coil  structure and a C-terminal domain of 25 residues (see <PDB:1SA0>)
[4]. The  SLD  binds  two  tubulins  arranged longitudinally, head-to-tail, in
protofilament-like complexes.

As signatures  for  proteins  of  the stathmin family, we selected a conserved
decapeptide which  ends  with  the  first  three  residues  of the coiled coil
domain and  a second pattern that corresponds to part of the central region of
the coiled  coil.  We  also  developed  a  profile  that covers the entire SLD
domain.

-Consensus pattern: P-[KRQ]-[KR](2)-[DE]-x-S-L-[EG]-E
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Consensus pattern: A-E-[KR]-R-E-H-E-[KR]-E-V
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Last update: January 2013 / Text revised; profile added.

[ 1] Sobel A.
     "Stathmin: a relay phosphoprotein for multiple signal transduction?"
     Trends Biochem. Sci. 16:301-305(1991).
     PubMed=1957351
[ 2] Ozon S., Byk T., Sobel A.
     "SCLIP: a novel SCG10-like protein of the stathmin family expressed in
     the nervous system."
     J. Neurochem. 70:2386-2396(1998).
     PubMed=9603203
[ 3] Ozon S., Maucuer A., Sobel A.
     "The stathmin family -- molecular and biological characterization of
     novel mammalian proteins expressed in the nervous system."
     Eur. J. Biochem. 248:794-806(1997).
     PubMed=9342231
[ 4] Ravelli R.B.G., Gigant B., Curmi P.A., Jourdain I., Lachkar S.,
     Sobel A., Knossow M.
     "Insight into tubulin regulation from a complex with colchicine and a
     stathmin-like domain."
     Nature 428:198-202(2004).
     PubMed=15014504; DOI=10.1038/nature02393

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