{PDOC00611}
{PS00752; XPA_1}
{PS00753; XPA_2}
{BEGIN}
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* XPA protein signatures *
**************************

Xeroderma  pigmentosum (XP) [1]  is a  human   autosomal   recessive  disease,
characterized by  a  high incidence of sunlight-induced skin cancer.  People's
skin cells  with this condition  are hypersensitive  to ultraviolet light, due
to defects in the incision step of DNA excision repair. There are a minimum of
seven genetic complementation  groups  involved in this pathway: XP-A to XP-G.
XP-A is the most severe form of  the disease and is due to defects  in a 30 Kd
nuclear protein called XPA (or XPAC) [2].

The sequence of the XPA protein  is  conserved  from  higher eukaryotes [3] to
yeast (gene RAD14) [4]. XPA is a hydrophilic  protein of 247 to 296 amino-acid
residues which has a C4-type zinc finger motif in its central section.

We have   developed  two  signature  patterns  for  XPA  proteins.  The  first
corresponds to the zinc finger region, the second to a highly conserved region
located some 12 residues after the zinc finger region.

-Consensus pattern: C-x-[DE]-C-x(3)-[LIVMF]-x(1,2)-D-x(2)-L-x(3)-F-x(4)-C-
                    x(2)-C
                    [The 4 C's are involved in disulfide bonds]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Consensus pattern: [LIVM](2)-T-[KR]-T-E-x-K-x-[DE]-Y-[LIVMF](2)-x-D-x-[DE]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.

-Last update: May 2004 / Text revised.

[ 1] Tanaka K., Wood R.D.
     "Xeroderma pigmentosum and nucleotide excision repair of DNA."
     Trends Biochem. Sci. 19:83-86(1994).
     PubMed=8160271
[ 2] Miura N., Miyamoto I., Asahina H., Satokata I., Tanaka K., Okada Y.
     "Identification and characterization of xpac protein, the gene product
     of the human XPAC (xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing)
     gene."
     J. Biol. Chem. 266:19786-19789(1991).
     PubMed=1918083
[ 3] Shimamoto T., Kohno K., Tanaka K., Okada Y.
     "Molecular cloning of human XPAC gene homologs from chicken, Xenopus
     laevis and Drosophila melanogaster."
     Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 181:1231-1237(1991).
     PubMed=1764072
[ 4] Bankmann M., Prakash L., Prakash S.
     "Yeast RAD14 and human xeroderma pigmentosum group A DNA-repair genes
     encode homologous proteins."
     Nature 355:555-558(1992).
     PubMed=1741034; DOI=10.1038/355555a0

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