{PDOC00930}
{PS01210; CAVEOLIN}
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* Caveolins signature *
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Caveolins [1,2]  are  a  family  of  integral  membrane proteins which are the
principal components  of  caveolae membranes. Cavoleae are flask-shaped plasma
membrane invaginations  whose  exact  cellular  function  is  not  yet  clear.
Caveolins may  act  as  scaffolding  proteins  within caveolar membranes. They
interact directly  with G-protein alpha subunits and can functionally regulate
their activity.

Currently, three  different  forms  of  caveolins  are  known:  caveolin-1 (or
VIP21), caveolin-2 and caveolin-3 (or M-caveolin).

Caveolins are  proteins  of  about  20 Kd, they form high molecular mass homo-
oligomers. Structurally   they  seem  to  have  a  N-terminal  and  C-terminal
hydrophilic segments  and  a  long central transmembrane domains that probably
forms an  hairpin  in  the  membrane.  Both  extremities are known to face the
cytoplasm.

As a  signature  pattern, we selected a perfectly conseerved octapeptide which
is located in the N-terminal section of caveolins.

-Consensus pattern: F-E-D-[LV]-I-A-[DE]-[PA]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL,  except
 for C.elegans caveolins.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
-Last update: December 2001 / Pattern and text revised.

[ 1] Tang Z., Scherer P.E., Okamoto T., Song K., Chu K., Kohtz D.S.,
     Nishimoto I., Lodish H.F., Lisanti M.P.
     "Molecular cloning of caveolin-3, a novel member of the caveolin gene
     family expressed predominantly in muscle."
     J. Biol. Chem. 271:2255-2261(1996).
     PubMed=8567687;
[ 2] Scherer P.E., Okamoto T., Chun M., Nishimoto I., Lodish H.F.,
     Lisanti M.P.
     "Identification, sequence, and expression of caveolin-2 defines a
     caveolin gene family."
     Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93:131-135(1996).
     PubMed=8552590;

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