{PDOC50099}
{PS50310; ALA_RICH}
{PS50311; CYS_RICH}
{PS50312; ASP_RICH}
{PS50313; GLU_RICH}
{PS50314; PHE_RICH}
{PS50315; GLY_RICH}
{PS50316; HIS_RICH}
{PS50317; ILE_RICH}
{PS50318; LYS_RICH}
{PS50319; LEU_RICH}
{PS50320; MET_RICH}
{PS50321; ASN_RICH}
{PS50099; PRO_RICH}
{PS50322; GLN_RICH}
{PS50323; ARG_RICH}
{PS50324; SER_RICH}
{PS50325; THR_RICH}
{PS50326; VAL_RICH}
{PS50327; TRP_RICH}
{PS50328; TYR_RICH}
{BEGIN}
*****************************************************************
* Sequence regions enriched in a particular amino acid profiles *
*****************************************************************

Many  proteins  contain compositionally biased sequence regions which are also
called low-complexity regions [1]. Typically, such regions are highly enriched
in one  or  a  few amino acids. We have included profiles specific for each of
the 20 amino acids so as to search for regions that are significantly enriched
in a  particular  amino acid. The behaviour of these profiles is controlled by
two  parameters,  the  match and mismatch scores. These parameters were chosen
such  that  the "target frequencies" of the corresponding amino acids computed
according  to  the  Karlin-Altschul theory [2] approximate 35% for the residue
composition of Swiss-Prot (see below).

   Amino     Average    Match    Mismatch   Target
   acid      frequency  score    score      frequency

   Ala (A)   7.55          4       -1       38.5
   Cys (C)   1.69          7       -1       36.8
   Asp (D)   5.30          5       -1       35.1
   Glu (E)   6.32          5       -1       32.4
   Phe (F)   4.07          6       -1       31.9
   Gly (G)   6.84          5       -1       31.2
   His (H)   2.24          7       -1       33.6
   Ile (I)   5.72          5       -1       34.0
   Lys (K)   5.93          5       -1       33.4
   Leu (L)   9.33          4       -1       34.7
   Met (M)   2.35          7       -1       33.1
   Asn (N)   4.52          5       -1       37.4
   Pro (P)   4.92          5       -1       36.2
   Gln (Q)   4.02          6       -1       32.1
   Arg (R)   5.15          5       -1       35.5
   Ser (S)   7.22          4       -1       39.2
   Thr (T)   5.74          5       -1       33.9
   Val (V)   6.52          5       -1       32.0
   Trp (W)   1.25          8       -1       34.9
   Tyr (Y)   3.19          6       -1       35.1

The  normalisation  parameters  for converting raw scores into per-residue log
expectation  values,  which  are  given  within  the profile, were empirically
derived  by  fitting  an  extreme value distribution to the score distribution
obtained  from  a  random  database that conserves the length distribution and
global  amino  acid  composition  of Swiss-Prot but not the composition of the
individual sequences.

-Note: These profiles do not characterize biologically defined objects. As the
 underlying  definition  is purely statistical, it is not possible to speak of
 true or  false  matches to these profiles, neither is it possible to assign a
 false negative status to a sequence.

-Expert(s) to contact by email:
           Bucher P.; Philipp.Bucher@sib.swiss

-Last update: April 2002 / First entry.

[ 1] Wootton J.C., Federhen S.
     "Analysis of compositionally biased regions in sequence databases."
     Methods Enzymol. 266:554-571(1996).
     PubMed=8743706
[ 2] Karlin S., Bucher P., Brendel V., Altschul S.F.
     "Statistical methods and insights for protein and DNA sequences."
     Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biophys. Chem. 20:175-203(1991).
     PubMed=1867715

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{END}