{PDOC50824} {PS50824; DAPIN} {BEGIN} ************************ * DAPIN domain profile * ************************ The DAPIN (Domain in Apoptosis and INterferon response) domain is an 80-100- residue domain which is found in the N-terminus of diverse vertebrate and vertebrate-specific viral proteins involved in apoptosis, cancer, inflammation, and immune response. The DAPIN domain can be found alone or in association with other domains [1,2,3] like CARD (see , NACHT, HIN- 200 (see ), LRR, SPRY, Caspase (see ) or Zinc finger B- box (see ). It has been proposed that the DAPIN domain might have an adaptor function, coupling apoptosis and immune disorders [1,2,3]. It has been shown that the DAPIN domain is a protein-protein interaction domain capable of binding to other DAPIN domains [1]. Secondary structure predictions have identified the DAPIN domain as mostly alpha-helical and it has been suggested that it could belong to the DEATH- domain-fold superfamily, which includes the CARD, the DEATH domain (DD) (see ) and the DEATH effector domain (DED) (see ) [1,2,3]. The DAPIN domain has also been called pyrin domain, pyrin N-terminal homology domain (PYD) or PAAD (after the protein families pyrin, AIM, ASC death-domain- like) [2,3]. Proteins known to contain a DAPIN domain are listed below: - Mammalian pyrin. Mutations in the human pyrin MEFV gene are the cause of familial Mediterranean fever. Pyrin localizes to the perinuclear cytoplasm and interacts with a putative Golgi transport protein. - Mammalian ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) or Pycard (PYD and CARD containing protein). It forms aggregates when apoptosis is induced by certain anti-tumor drugs. - Human NALP1 and NALP2 (NACHT-, LRR- and PYD-containing proteins). - Zebrafish caspases CASPY and CASPY2. - Mammalian HIN-200 family of hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear proteins. This family includes AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2), MNDA (myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen) and IFI16. - Rabbit myxoma virus M013L protein. - Rabbit fibroma virus GP013L protein. We developed a profile that covers the whole domain. -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL. -Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE. -Last update: December 2001 / First entry. [ 1] Staub E., Dahl E., Rosenthal A. "The DAPIN family: a novel domain links apoptotic and interferon response proteins." Trends Biochem. Sci. 26:83-85(2001). PubMed=11166557 [ 2] Pawlowski K., Pio F., Chu Z.-L., Reed J.C., Godzik A. "PAAD - a new protein domain associated with apoptosis, cancer and autoimmune diseases." Trends Biochem. Sci. 26:85-87(2001). PubMed=11166558 [ 3] Martinon F., Hofmann K., Tschopp J. "The pyrin domain: a possible member of the death domain-fold family implicated in apoptosis and inflammation." Curr. Biol. 11:R118-R120(2001). PubMed=11250163 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see https://prosite.expasy.org/prosite_license.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {END}