{PDOC51927}
{PS51927; COV_M}
{BEGIN}
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* Coronavirus membrane (CoV M) protein profile *
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Coronaviruses (CoVs)  [E1] are a diverse group of enveloped, plus-stranded RNA
viruses that  infect  humans  and many animal species, in which they can cause
respiratory, enteric,   hepatic,   central  nervous  system  and  neurological
diseases of   varying severity. The main CoV structural proteins are S (spike)
(see <PDOC51923>),  E  (envelope)  (see  <PDOC51926>),  M  (membrane),  and  N
(nucleocapsid), where  S,  E,  and  M  are  integral  membrane proteins. The M
protein of  coronavirus  plays  a  central  role  in  virus  assembly, turning
cellular membranes  into  workshops where virus and host factors come together
to make  new  virus  particles.  The  CoV  M  protein,  which  functions  as a
homodimer, adapts  a  region of membrane for virus assembly and captures other
structural proteins at the budding site. CoV M can adopt two conformations and
membrane curvature  is  regulated  by  one M conformer. Elongated M protein is
associated with  rigidity, clusters of spikes and a relatively narrow range of
membrane curvature.   In  contrast,  compact  M  protein  is  associated  with
flexibility and low spike density [1].

The CoV  M  protein  is  characterized  by a typical transmembrane (TM) region
composed of  three  putative TM domains of 80 amino acid residues that account
for about one third of the entire protein [2].

The profile we developed covers the entire CoV M protein.

-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
-Last update: June 2020 / First entry.

[ 1] Neuman B.W., Kiss G., Kunding A.H., Bhella D., Baksh M.F.,
     Connelly S., Droese B., Klaus J.P., Makino S., Sawicki S.G.,
     Siddell S.G., Stamou D.G., Wilson I.A., Kuhn P., Buchmeier M.J.
     "A structural analysis of M protein in coronavirus assembly and
     morphology."
     J. Struct. Biol. 174:11-22(2011).
     PubMed=21130884; DOI=10.1016/j.jsb.2010.11.021
[ 2] Hu Y., Wen J., Tang L., Zhang H., Zhang X., Li Y., Wang J., Han Y.,
     Li G., Shi J., Tian X., Jiang F., Zhao X., Wang J., Liu S., Zeng C.,
     Wang J., Yang H.
     "The M protein of SARS-CoV: basic structural and immunological
     properties."
     Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 1:118-130(2003).
     PubMed=15626342; DOI=10.1016/s1672-0229(03)01016-7
[E1] https://viralzone.expasy.org/30?outline=all_by_species

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{END}