{PDOC51968} {PS51968; GRH_CP2_DB} {BEGIN} ******************************************* * Grh/CP2 DNA-binding (DB) domain profile * ******************************************* Grh/CP2 transcription factors (TFs) are highly conserved in multicellular organisms as key regulators of epithelial differentiation, organ development and skin barrier formation. Members of this TF family are widely found in diverse taxa, ranging from fungi to animals. The Grh/CP2 family of TFs comprises two distinct divisions, CP2 (CCAAT box-binding protein 2) and Grh (grainyhead). Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Grh/CP2 family originated prior to the metazoan-fungal divergence and the diversification of the two subfamilies probably occurred in an ancient animal lineage. Proteins of the CP2 subfamily are generally expressed ubiquitously, while the expression pattern of the Grh subfamily is rather tissue- and developmental stage specific. All Grh/CP2 family members share a common domain architecture characterized by an intrinsically unstructured N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD), a conserved DNA-binding domain (DBD), also termed CP2 binding domain, and a C-terminal dimerization domain (DD) [1,2,3]. The Grh/CP2 DB domain contains an immunoglobulin (Ig)-like core with two long, twisted antiparallel beta sheets of five (beta1, beta3, beta8, beta5 and beta11) and six (beta2, beta4, beta6, beta7, beta9 and beta10) strands, respectively. This core is decorated by three alpha helices and a series of surface loops (see ) [3]. The profile we developed covers the entire Grh/CP2 DB domain. -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL. -Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE. -Last update: March 2021 / First entry. [ 1] Wang S., Samakovlis C. "Grainy head and its target genes in epithelial morphogenesis and wound healing." Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 98:35-63(2012). PubMed=22305158; DOI=10.1016/B978-0-12-386499-4.00002-1 [ 2] Pare A., Kim M., Juarez M.T., Brody S., McGinnis W. "The functions of grainy head-like proteins in animals and fungi and the evolution of apical extracellular barriers." PLoS One. 7:E36254-E36254(2012). PubMed=22590528; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0036254 [ 3] Ming Q., Roske Y., Schuetz A., Walentin K., Ibraimi I., Schmidt-Ott K.M., Heinemann U. "Structural basis of gene regulation by the Grainyhead/CP2 transcription factor family." Nucleic. Acids. Res. 46:2082-2095(2018). PubMed=29309642; DOI=10.1093/nar/gkx1299 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see https://prosite.expasy.org/prosite_license.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- {END}