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We are deeply saddened by the passing of Amos Bairoch (1957–2025), the creator of PROSITE. We wish to dedicate our latest paper, published shortly before his death, to him. He will always be a source of inspiration to us.
Our deepest condolences go out to his family and friends, and to all those who had the privilege of working with him. Rest in peace, Amos. Your work will live on long after you are gone.
Amos Bairoch

PROSITE documentation PDOC00716
Lysyl oxidase putative copper-binding region signature


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PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC00716

Description

Lysyl oxidase (EC 1.4.3.13) (LOX) [1] is an extracellular copper-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors of various collagens and elastins. The deaminated lysines are then able to form aldehyde cross-links.

In vertebrates LOX belongs to a family [2] that also includes three LOX-like proteins (genes LOXL1, LOXL2 and LOXL3) whose function is not yet known. A LOX-type catalytic domain is found in all three LOX-like proteins. LOXL2 and LOXL3 also contains 4 SRCR domains (see <PDOC00348>).

LOX binds a single copper atom which seems to reside within an octahedral coordination complex which includes at least three histidine ligands. Four histidine residues are clustered in a central region of the enzyme. This region is thought to be involved in cooper-binding and is called the 'copper-talon' [1]. We have used this region as a signature pattern.

Last update:

December 2004 / Pattern and text revised.

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Technical section

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

LYSYL_OXIDASE, PS00926; Lysyl oxidase putative copper-binding region signature  (PATTERN)


References

1AuthorsKrebs C.J. Krawetz S.A.
TitleLysyl oxidase copper-talon complex: a model.
SourceBiochim. Biophys. Acta 1202:7-12(1993).
PubMed ID8104038

2AuthorsMaki J.M. Kivirikko K.I.
TitleCloning and characterization of a fourth human lysyl oxidase isoenzyme.
SourceBiochem. J. 355:381-387(2001).
PubMed ID11284725



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