PROSITE documentation PDOC00892Macrophage migration inhibitory factor family signature
A protein called macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) [1] seems to exerts an important role in host inflammatory responses. It play a pivotal role in the host response to endotoxic shock and appears to serve as a pituitary "stress" hormone that regulates systemic inflammatory responses. MIF is a secreted protein of 115 residues which is not processed from a larger precursor.
D-dopachrome tautomerase [2] is a mammalian cytoplasmic enzyme involved in melanin biosynthesis and that tautomerizes D-dopachrome with concomitant decarboxylation to give 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI). It is a protein of 117 residues highly related to MIF.
It must be noted that MIF binds glutathione and has been said to be related to glutathione S-transferases. This assertion has been later disproved [3].
As a signature pattern for these proteins, we selected a conserved region located in the central section.
Last update:December 2004 / Pattern and text revised.
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PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Bucala R. |
| Title | Identification of MIF as a new pituitary hormone and macrophage cytokine and its role in endotoxic shock. | |
| Source | Immunol. Lett. 43:23-26(1994). | |
| PubMed ID | 7737686 |
| 2 | Authors | Odh G. Hindemith A. Rosengren A.-M. Rosengren E. Rorsman H. |
| Title | Isolation of a new tautomerase monitored by the conversion of D-dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole. | |
| Source | Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197:619-624(1993). | |
| PubMed ID | 8267597 |
| 3 | Authors | Pearson W.R. |
| Title | MIF proteins are not glutathione transferase homologs. | |
| Source | Protein Sci. 3:525-527(1994). | |
| PubMed ID | 8019423 |
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