PROSITE documentation PDOC51772Actin cross-linking (ACD) domain profile
Actin cross-linking domains (ACDs) are distinct domains found in several bacterial toxins, including the Vibrio cholerae MARTX toxin. ACDs are enzyme ligases that catalyze the formation of an irreversible iso-peptide bond on two actin molecules in an ATP- and Mg/Mn(2+)-dependent manner. Cross-linking depletes the cellular pool of G-actin leading to actin cytoskeleton depolymerization [1,2].
The ACD has an overall V-shape. with the active site composed of five residues in a cleft located within the two arms of the V (see <PDB:4DTD>). The first subdomain, forming the left arm of the V, is mainly composed of β-strands, while the second subdomain, forming the right arm of the V, is helical. The first subdomain is composed of a central anti-parallel β-sheet of 8 β-strands, decorated by two adjacent small β-sheets, one above the central β-sheet and the second below. A long helix (α1) packs against strands β7-β4-β5 from the central β-sheet, and strand β8 from the upper β-sheet. Finally, the terminal helix α9 packs against strands β2 and β9. The second subdomain is composed of 7 α-helices (α2-α8) and does not contain any β-strands [2].
The profile we developed covers the entire ACD domain.
Last update:August 2015 / First entry.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Geissler B. Bonebrake A. Sheahan K.-L. Walker M.E. Satchell K.J.F. |
| Title | Genetic determination of essential residues of the Vibrio cholerae actin cross-linking domain reveals functional similarity with glutamine synthetases. | |
| Source | Mol. Microbiol. 73:858-868(2009). | |
| PubMed ID | 19656298 | |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06810.x |
| 2 | Authors | Durand E. Derrez E. Audoly G. Spinelli S. Ortiz-Lombardia M. Raoult D. Cascales E. Cambillau C. |
| Title | Crystal structure of the VgrG1 actin cross-linking domain of the Vibrio cholerae type VI secretion system. | |
| Source | J. Biol. Chem. 287:38190-38199(2012). | |
| PubMed ID | 22898822 | |
| DOI | 10.1074/jbc.M112.390153 |
PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see prosite_license.html.
View entry in original PROSITE document format
View entry in raw text format (no links)