We are deeply saddened by the passing of Amos Bairoch (1957–2025), the creator of PROSITE. We wish to dedicate our latest paper, published shortly before his death, to him. He will always be a source of inspiration to us.
Our deepest condolences go out to his family and friends, and to all those who had the privilege of working with him. Rest in peace, Amos. Your work will live on long after you are gone.
Our deepest condolences go out to his family and friends, and to all those who had the privilege of working with him. Rest in peace, Amos. Your work will live on long after you are gone.
PROSITE documentation PDOC60029Spider toxin CSTX family signature
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PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC60029
Description
Spider toxins of the CSTX family are ion channel toxins containing an inhibitor cystine knot (ICK) structural motif or Knottin scaffold (see <PDOC60004>) [E1]. The four disulfide bonds present in the CSTX spider toxin family are arranged in the following pattern: 1-4, 2-5, 3-8 and 6-7.
This family includes:
- Cupiennius salei (Wandering spider) toxin CSTX-1 and its proteolytic products CSTX-2a and CSTX-2b [1].
- Cupiennius salei (Wandering spider) CSTX-9 [2].
- Cupiennius salei (Wandering spider) CSTX-13, a neurotoxic enhancer. In contrast to CSTX-1 and CSTX-9, CSTX-13 is a two-chain peptide with two interchain and two intrachain disulfide bridges [3].
We have developed a pattern that contains the six conserved cysteines with a cysteine arrangement C-C-CC-C-C which are also found in the A chain of CSTX-13.
Expert(s) to contact by email: Last update:February 2006 / First entry.
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References
| 1 | Authors | Kuhn-Nentwig L. Schaller J. Kaempfer U. Imboden H. Malli H. Nentwig W. |
| Title | A lysine rich C-terminal tail is directly involved in the toxicity of CSTX-1, a neurotoxic peptide from the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei. | |
| Source | Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 44:101-111(2000). | |
| PubMed ID | 10897091 | |
| DOI | 10.1002/1520-6327(200007)44:3<101::AID-ARCH1>3.0.CO;2-S |
| 2 | Authors | Schaller J. Kaempfer U. Schuerch S. Kuhn-Nentwig L. Haeberli S. Nentwig W. |
| Title | CSTX-9, a toxic peptide from the spider Cupiennius salei: amino acid sequence, disulphide bridge pattern and comparison with other spider toxins containing the cystine knot structure. | |
| Source | Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 58:1538-1545(2001). | |
| PubMed ID | 11693532 |
| 3 | Authors | Wullschleger B. Kuhn-Nentwig L. Tromp J. Kaempfer U. Schaller J. Schuerch S. Nentwig W. |
| Title | CSTX-13, a highly synergistically acting two-chain neurotoxic enhancer in the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei (Ctenidae). | |
| Source | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:11251-11256(2004). | |
| PubMed ID | 15272079 | |
| DOI | 10.1073/pnas.0402226101 |
| E1 | Title | https://bioserv.cbs.cnrs.fr |
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