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PROSITE documentation PDOC00245 [for PROSITE entry PS00272]
Snake toxins signature


Description

Snake toxins belong to a family of proteins [1,2,3] which groups short and long neurotoxins, cytotoxins and short toxins, as well as a other miscellanous venom peptides. Most of these toxins act by binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the postsynaptic membrane of skeletal muscles and prevent the binding of acetylcholine, thereby blocking the excitation of muscles.

Snake toxins are proteins that consist of sixty to seventy five amino acids. Among the invariant residues are eight cysteines all involved in disulfide bonds. A signature pattern was developed [4] which includes four of these cysteines as well as a conserved proline thought to be important for the maintenance of the tertiary structure. The second cysteine in the pattern is linked to the third one by a disulfide bond.

Last update:

May 2004 / Text revised.

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Technical section

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

SNAKE_TOXIN, PS00272; Snake toxins signature  (PATTERN)


References

1AuthorsDufton M.J.
TitleClassification of elapid snake neurotoxins and cytotoxins according to chain length: evolutionary implications.
SourceJ. Mol. Evol. 20:128-134(1984).
PubMed ID6433031

2AuthorsEndo T. Tamiya N.
Source(In) Snake toxins, Harvey A.L., Ed., pp165-222, Pergamon Press, New-York, (1991).

3AuthorsMebs D. Claus I.
Source(In) Snake toxins, Harvey A.L., Ed., pp425-447, Pergamon Press, New-York, (1991).

4AuthorsJonassen I. Collins J.F. Higgins D.G.
SourceProtein Sci. 4:1587-1595(1995).



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