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We are deeply saddened by the passing of Amos Bairoch (1957–2025), the creator of PROSITE. We wish to dedicate our latest paper, published shortly before his death, to him. He will always be a source of inspiration to us.
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PROSITE documentation PDOC00226
Interleukin-1 signature


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PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC00226

Description

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) [1,2,3] is a member of a family of cellular mediators known as cytokines. IL-1 has many biological activities. Among other functions, it is a fever-producing factor (pyrogen), induces prostaglandin synthesis, is involved in T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation as well as in B-lymphocyte activation and proliferation via interleukin-2.

There are two different forms of IL-1: IL-1 α and IL-1 β, whose sequence are about 25% identical. IL-1 α and β bind to the same receptor. Both forms of IL-1 are synthesized as precursor proteins of about 270 residues which are then post-translationally processed by the cleavage of a N-terminal sequence of approximately 115 residues.

The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) is a protein structurally related to IL-1's but whose biological function is not yet known.

As a signature pattern for these cytokines, we selected a conserved region in the C-terminal section.

Last update:

November 1997 / Text revised.

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Technical section

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

INTERLEUKIN_1, PS00253; Interleukin-1 signature  (PATTERN)


References

1AuthorsDinarello C.A.
TitleBiology of interleukin 1.
SourceFASEB J. 2:108-115(1988).
PubMed ID3277884

2AuthorsMizel S.B.
TitleThe interleukins.
SourceFASEB J. 3:2379-2388(1989).
PubMed ID2676681

3AuthorsHughes A.L.
TitleEvolution of the interleukin-1 gene family in mammals.
SourceJ. Mol. Evol. 39:6-12(1994).
PubMed ID8064874



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