PROSITE documentation PDOC00226Interleukin-1 signature
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) [1,2,3] is a member of a family of cellular mediators known as cytokines. IL-1 has many biological activities. Among other functions, it is a fever-producing factor (pyrogen), induces prostaglandin synthesis, is involved in T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation as well as in B-lymphocyte activation and proliferation via interleukin-2.
There are two different forms of IL-1: IL-1 α and IL-1 β, whose sequence are about 25% identical. IL-1 α and β bind to the same receptor. Both forms of IL-1 are synthesized as precursor proteins of about 270 residues which are then post-translationally processed by the cleavage of a N-terminal sequence of approximately 115 residues.
The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) is a protein structurally related to IL-1's but whose biological function is not yet known.
As a signature pattern for these cytokines, we selected a conserved region in the C-terminal section.
Last update:November 1997 / Text revised.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Dinarello C.A. |
| Title | Biology of interleukin 1. | |
| Source | FASEB J. 2:108-115(1988). | |
| PubMed ID | 3277884 |
| 2 | Authors | Mizel S.B. |
| Title | The interleukins. | |
| Source | FASEB J. 3:2379-2388(1989). | |
| PubMed ID | 2676681 |
| 3 | Authors | Hughes A.L. |
| Title | Evolution of the interleukin-1 gene family in mammals. | |
| Source | J. Mol. Evol. 39:6-12(1994). | |
| PubMed ID | 8064874 |
PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see prosite_license.html.
View entry in original PROSITE document format
View entry in raw text format (no links)