PROSITE documentation PDOC00378Zn(2)-C6 fungal-type DNA-binding domain signature and profile
A number of fungal transcriptional activator proteins contain a cysteine-rich region that binds DNA in a zinc-dependent fashion. It has been shown [1,2] that this region forms a binuclear zinc cluster where six conserved cysteines bind two zinc cations. Some proteins known to contain such a domain are listed below [3].
Gene name(s) Biological source Scope of activatory action
--------------- --------------------- ---------------------------------
aflR Aspergillus Aflatoxin biosynthesis
amdR or intA Emericella nidulans Amides catabolism
ARGR2 or ARG81 Yeast Arginine metabolism
CAT8 or MSP8 Yeast Gluconeogenic enzymes
CBF3B or CEP3 Yeast Chromosome segregation
CHA4 Yeast L-serine dehydratase
CYP1 or HAP1 Yeast Iso-1 and iso-2 cytochrome c
CZF1 Candida albicans Unknown
GAL4 Yeast Galactose metabolism
LAC9 Kluyveromyces lactis Galactose metabolism
LEU3 Yeast Leucine biosynthesis
LYS14 Yeast Lysine biosynthesis
MAL1R or MAL13 Yeast Maltose metabolism
MAL3R or MAL33 Yeast Maltose metabolism
MAL6R or MAL63 Yeast Maltose metabolism
nirA Emericella nidulans Nitrate assimilation
nit-4 Neurospora crassa Nitrate assimilation
PDR1 or CYH3 Yeast Permeability
PDR3 Yeast Permeability ?
PIP2 Yeast Peroxisome proliferation
PPR1 Yeast Pyrimidine metabolism
PUT3 Yeast Proline metabolism
qa-1f Neurospora crassa Quinate metabolism
qutA Emericella nidulans Quinate metabolism
SEF1 Yeast & K.lactis ?
SIP4 Yeast Unknown
STB5 Yeast Unknown
SUC1 Candida albicans Sucrose utilization
TEA1 Yeast Ty1 enhancer binding
thi1 or ntf1 Fission yeast Thiamine repressible genes
THI2 Yeast Thiamine biosynthesis
uaY Emericella nidulans Purine utilization
UGA3 Yeast GABA catabolism
UGA35 or DAL81 Yeast GABA, urea, arginine, allantoin
and catabolism
UME6 Yeast Many genes such as arginase,
sporulation genes, etc.
YAL051w Yeast ? (Chromosome I)
YBR033w Yeast ? (Chromosome II)
YBR150c Yeast ? (Chromosome II)
YBR239c Yeast ? (Chromosome II)
YCR106w Yeast ? (Chromosome III)
YDR213c Yeast ? (Chromosome IV)
YDR303c Yeast ? (Chromosome IV)
YDR421w Yeast ? (Chromosome IV)
YDR520c Yeast ? (Chromosome IV)
YER184c Yeast ? (Chromosome V)
YFL052w Yeast ? (Chromosome VI)
YHR056c Yeast ? (Chromosome VIII)
YIL130w Yeast ? (Chromosome IX)
YJL103c Yeast ? (Chromosome X)
YJL206c Yeast ? (Chromosome X)
YKL038w Yeast ? (Chromosome XI)
YKL222c Yeast ? (Chromosome XI)
YKR064w Yeast ? (Chromosome XI)
YLR278c Yeast ? (Chromosome XII)
YML076c Yeast ? (Chromosome XIII)
YMR019w Yeast ? (Chromosome XIII)
YNR063w Yeast ? (Chromosome XIV)
YPL133c Yeast ? (Chromosome XVI)
The spacing of the cysteines in this type of domain is C-x(2)-C-x(6)-C-x(5 to 12)-C-x(2)-C-x(6 to 8)-C. There are also a number of other conserved residues in the loop regions between the cysteines which can be used to help define a specific pattern for such a domain. This domains is generally found in the N-terminal section of these proteins with the exception of UME6 where it is found in the C-terminal section.
Last update:March 2005 / Text revised.
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PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Pan T. Coleman J.E. |
| Title | GAL4 transcription factor is not a 'zinc finger' but forms a Zn(II)2Cys6 binuclear cluster. | |
| Source | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:2077-2081(1990). | |
| PubMed ID | 2107541 |
| 2 | Authors | Marmorstein R. Carey M. Ptashne M. Harrison S.C. |
| Title | DNA recognition by GAL4: structure of a protein-DNA complex. | |
| Source | Nature 356:408-414(1992). | |
| PubMed ID | 1557122 | |
| DOI | 10.1038/356408a0 |
| 3 | Authors | Schjerling P. Holmberg S. |
| Title | Comparative amino acid sequence analysis of the C6 zinc cluster family of transcriptional regulators. | |
| Source | Nucleic Acids Res. 24:4599-4607(1996). | |
| PubMed ID | 8967907 |
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