PROSITE documentation PDOC00404

Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase signature

γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2) (GGT) [1] catalyzes the transfer of the γ-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor that may be an amino acid, a peptide or water (forming glutamate). GGT plays a key role in the γ-glutamyl cycle, a pathway for the synthesis and degradation of glutathione. In prokaryotes and eukaryotes, it is an enzyme that consists of two polypeptide chains, a heavy and a light subunit, processed from a single chain precursor. The active site of GGT is known to be located in the light subunit.

The sequences of mammalian and bacterial GGT show a number of regions of high similarity [2]. Pseudomonas cephalosporin acylases (EC 3.5.1.-) that convert 7-β-(4-carboxybutanamido)-cephalosporanic acid (GL-7ACA) into 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7ACA) and glutaric acid are evolutionary related to GGT and also show some GGT activity [3]. Like GGT, these GL-7ACA acylases, are also composed of two subunits.

One of the conserved regions correspond to the N-terminal extremity of the mature light chains of these enzymes. We have used this region as a signature pattern.