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| PROSITE documentation PDOC00629 |
Receptor tyrosine kinase class V signatures
A number of growth factors stimulate mitogenesis by interacting with a family of cell surface receptors which possess an intrinsic, ligand-sensitive, protein tyrosine kinase activity [1]. These receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) all share the same topology: an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a single transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic kinase domain. However they can be classified into at least five groups on the basis of sequence similarities. The extracellular domain of class V RTK's consist of a region of about 300 amino acids, amongst which 16 conserved cysteines probably involved in disulfide bonds; this region is followed by two copies of a fibronectin type III domain. The ligands for these receptors are proteins of about 200 to 300 residues collectively known as Ephrins (see <PDOC01003>). The receptors currently known to belong to class V are [2,3,E1]:
- EPHA1 (Eph-1; Esk).
- EPHA2 (Eck; Mpk-5; Sek-2).
- EPHA3 (Etk-1; Hek; Mek4; Tyro4; Rek4; Cek4).
- EPHA4 (Sek; Hek8; Mpk-3; Cek8).
- EPHA5 (Ehk-1; Hek7; Bsk; Cek7).
- EPHA6 (Ehk-2).
- EPHA7 (Ehk-3; Hek11; Mdk-1; Ebk).
- EPHA8 (Eek).
- EPHB1 (Eph-2; Elk; Net).
- EPHB2 (Eph-3; Hek5; Drt; Erk; Nuk; Sek-3; Cek5; Qek5).
- EPHB3 (Hek-2; Mdk-5).
- EPHB4 (Htk; Mdk-2; Myk-1).
- EPHB5 (Cek9).
- EPHB6 (HEP).
The EPHA subtype receptors bind to GPI-anchored ephrins while the EPHB subtype receptors bind to type-I membrane ephrins.
We developed two signature patterns for this class of RTK's, which each include some of the conserved cysteine residues.
Last update:April 2006 / Pattern revised.
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PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Yarden Y. Ullrich A. |
| Title | Growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. | |
| Source | Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:443-478(1988). | |
| PubMed ID | 3052279 | |
| DOI | 10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.002303 |
| 2 | Authors | Sajjadi F.G. Pasquale E.B. Subramani S. |
| Title | Identification of a new eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase gene from mouse and chicken that is developmentally regulated and encodes at least two forms of the receptor. | |
| Source | New Biol. 3:769-778(1991). | |
| PubMed ID | 1657122 |
| 3 | Authors | Wicks I.P. Wilkinson D. Salvaris E. Boyd A.W. |
| Title | Molecular cloning of HEK, the gene encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by human lymphoid tumor cell lines. | |
| Source | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89:1611-1615(1992). | |
| PubMed ID | 1311845 |
| E1 | Source | http://depts.washington.edu/eph/ |
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