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| PROSITE documentation PDOC00629 |
Receptor tyrosine kinase class V signatures
A number of growth factors stimulate mitogenesis by interacting with a family of cell surface receptors which possess an intrinsic, ligand-sensitive, protein tyrosine kinase activity [1]. These receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) all share the same topology: an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a single transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic kinase domain. However they can be classified into at least five groups on the basis of sequence similarities. The extracellular domain of class V RTK's consist of a region of about 300 amino acids, amongst which 16 conserved cysteines probably involved in disulfide bonds; this region is followed by two copies of a fibronectin type III domain. The ligands for these receptors are proteins of about 200 to 300 residues collectively known as Ephrins (see <PDOC01003>). The receptors currently known to belong to class V are [2,3,E1]:
- EPHA1 (Eph-1; Esk).
- EPHA2 (Eck; Mpk-5; Sek-2).
- EPHA3 (Etk-1; Hek; Mek4; Tyro4; Rek4; Cek4).
- EPHA4 (Sek; Hek8; Mpk-3; Cek8).
- EPHA5 (Ehk-1; Hek7; Bsk; Cek7).
- EPHA6 (Ehk-2).
- EPHA7 (Ehk-3; Hek11; Mdk-1; Ebk).
- EPHA8 (Eek).
- EPHB1 (Eph-2; Elk; Net).
- EPHB2 (Eph-3; Hek5; Drt; Erk; Nuk; Sek-3; Cek5; Qek5).
- EPHB3 (Hek-2; Mdk-5).
- EPHB4 (Htk; Mdk-2; Myk-1).
- EPHB5 (Cek9).
- EPHB6 (HEP).
The EPHA subtype receptors bind to GPI-anchored ephrins while the EPHB subtype receptors bind to type-I membrane ephrins.
We developed two signature patterns for this class of RTK's, which each include some of the conserved cysteine residues.
PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see https://prosite.expasy.org/prosite_license.html --------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Last update:April 2006 / Pattern revised.
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PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Yarden Y. Ullrich A. |
| Title | Growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. | |
| Source | Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:443-478(1988). | |
| PubMed ID | 3052279 | |
| DOI | 10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.002303 |
| 2 | Authors | Sajjadi F.G. Pasquale E.B. Subramani S. |
| Title | Identification of a new eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase gene from mouse and chicken that is developmentally regulated and encodes at least two forms of the receptor. | |
| Source | New Biol. 3:769-778(1991). | |
| PubMed ID | 1657122 |
| 3 | Authors | Wicks I.P. Wilkinson D. Salvaris E. Boyd A.W. |
| Title | Molecular cloning of HEK, the gene encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by human lymphoid tumor cell lines. | |
| Source | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89:1611-1615(1992). | |
| PubMed ID | 1311845 |
| E1 | Source | http://depts.washington.edu/eph/ |
PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see prosite_license.html.
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