PROSITE documentation PDOC50088Ankyrin repeat and ankyrin repeat region profiles
Ankyrin repeats (ANK) are tandemly repeated modules of about 33 amino acids. They occur in a large number of functionally diverse proteins mainly from eukaryotes. The few known examples from prokaryotes and viruses may be the result of horizontal gene transfers [1].
Many ankyrin repeat regions are known to function as protein-protein interaction domains.
The conserved fold of the ankyrin repeat unit is known from several crystal and solution structures, e.g. from:
- p53-binding protein 53BP2 [2],
- Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p19Ink4d [3],
- Transcriptional regulator GABP-β [4],
- NF-kappaB inhibitory protein IkB-α [5].
It has been described as an L-shaped structure consisting of a β-hairpin and two α-helices [2].
Two profiles were developed for this module, the first one picks up ANK repeats while the second profile is 'circular' and will thus detect a region containing adjacent ANK repeats.
Last update:December 2001 / First entry.
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PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Bork P. |
| Title | Hundreds of ankyrin-like repeats in functionally diverse proteins: mobile modules that cross phyla horizontally? | |
| Source | Proteins 17:363-374(1993). | |
| PubMed ID | 8108379 |
| 2 | Authors | Gorina S. Pavletich N.P. |
| Title | Structure of the p53 tumor suppressor bound to the ankyrin and SH3 domains of 53BP2. | |
| Source | Science 274:1001-1005(1996). | |
| PubMed ID | 8875926 |
| 3 | Authors | Luh F.Y. Archer S.J. Domaille P.J. Smith B.O. Owen D. Brotherton D.H. Raine A.R. Xu X. Brizuela L. Brenner S.L. Laue E.D. |
| Title | Structure of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p19Ink4d. | |
| Source | Nature 389:999-1003(1997). | |
| PubMed ID | 9353127 | |
| DOI | 10.1038/40202 |
| 4 | Authors | Batchelor A.H. Piper D.E. de la Brousse F.C. McKnight S.L. Wolberger C. |
| Title | The structure of GABPalpha/beta: an ETS domain- ankyrin repeat heterodimer bound to DNA. | |
| Source | Science 279:1037-1041(1998). | |
| PubMed ID | 9461436 |
| 5 | Authors | Jacobs M.D. Harrison S.C. |
| Title | Structure of an IkappaBalpha/NF-kappaB complex. | |
| Source | Cell 95:749-758(1998). | |
| PubMed ID | 9865693 |
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