PROSITE documentation PDOC51959Eukaryotic uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (EndoU) domain profile
EndoU is a family of metal-dependent endoribonucleases that is broadly conserved among eukaryotes [1,2]. EndoU family members have RNA-binding and endoribonuclease activities and appear to be involved in many aspects of biology, including small nucleolar RNA biogenesis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network formation, immune response, and neurodegeneration:
- Xenopus laevis endoribonuclease XendoU is responsible for processing the intron encoded U16 and U86 small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) [3,4].
- Human EndoU, also known as PP11 (placental protein 11), has an endoribonuclease activity with placental tissue specificity [5,6].
- Drosophila melanogaster CG2145 and DendoU endoribonucleases [7].
- Caenorhabditis elegans endu-2 regulates nucleotide metabolism and germ cell proliferation in response to nucleotide imbalance and other genotoxic stress [8].
EndoU family members share a common domain, that carries out a conserved RNA processing function. The EndoU domain cleaves RNA at uridylates and release 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiester ends.
The EndoU domain is an α+β domain, that contains nine α-helices and three antiparallel β-sheets; the latter are clustered on one side of the domain, whereas the α-helices are largely on the other side (see <PDB:2C1W>) [3]. It contains a conserved trio of catalytic residues, two histidines and a lysine.
The profile we developed covers the entire EndoU domain.
Last update:January 2021 / First entry.
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PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
1 | Authors | Mushegian A. Sorokina I. Eroshkin A. Dlakic M. |
Title | An ancient evolutionary connection between Ribonuclease A and EndoU families. | |
Source | RNA 26:803-813(2020). | |
PubMed ID | 32284351 | |
DOI | 10.1261/rna.074385.119 |
2 | Authors | Ragno R. Gioia U. Laneve P. Bozzoni I. Mai A. Caffarelli E. |
Title | Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of the XendoU endoribonucleases family. | |
Source | ChemMedChem 6:1797-1805(2011). | |
PubMed ID | 21805647 | |
DOI | 10.1002/cmdc.201100281 |
3 | Authors | Renzi F. Caffarelli E. Laneve P. Bozzoni I. Brunori M. Vallone B. |
Title | The structure of the endoribonuclease XendoU: From small nucleolar RNA processing to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication. | |
Source | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103:12365-12370(2006). | |
PubMed ID | 16895992 | |
DOI | 10.1073/pnas.0602426103 |
4 | Authors | Schwarz D.S. Blower M.D. |
Title | The calcium-dependent ribonuclease XendoU promotes ER network formation through local RNA degradation. | |
Source | J. Cell. Biol. 207:41-57(2014). | |
PubMed ID | 25287301 | |
DOI | 10.1083/jcb.201406037 |
5 | Authors | Laneve P. Gioia U. Ragno R. Altieri F. Di Franco C. Santini T. Arceci M. Bozzoni I. Caffarelli E. |
Title | The tumor marker human placental protein 11 is an endoribonuclease. | |
Source | J. Biol. Chem. 283:34712-34719(2008). | |
PubMed ID | 18936097 | |
DOI | 10.1074/jbc.M805759200 |
6 | Authors | Poe J.C. Kountikov E.I. Lykken J.M. Natarajan A. Marchuk D.A. Tedder T.F. |
Title | EndoU is a novel regulator of AICD during peripheral B cell selection. | |
Source | J. Exp. Med. 211:57-69(2014). | |
PubMed ID | 24344237 | |
DOI | 10.1084/jem.20130648 |
7 | Authors | Laneve P. Piacentini L. Casale A.M. Capauto D. Gioia U. Cappucci U. Di Carlo V. Bozzoni I. Di Micco P. Morea V. Di Franco C.A. Caffarelli E. |
Title | Drosophila CG3303 is an essential endoribonuclease linked to TDP-43-mediated neurodegeneration. | |
Source | Sci. Rep. 7:41559-41559(2017). | |
PubMed ID | 28139767 | |
DOI | 10.1038/srep41559 |
8 | Authors | Jia F. Chi C. Han M. |
Title | Regulation of Nucleotide Metabolism and Germline Proliferation in Response to Nucleotide Imbalance and Genotoxic Stresses by EndoU Nuclease. | |
Source | Cell. Rep. 30:1848-1861.e5(2020). | |
PubMed ID | 32049015 | |
DOI | 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.01.050 |
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