PROSITE documentation PDOC00892

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor family signature

Description:

A protein called macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) [1] seems to exerts an important role in host inflammatory responses. It play a pivotal role in the host response to endotoxic shock and appears to serve as a pituitary "stress" hormone that regulates systemic inflammatory responses. MIF is a secreted protein of 115 residues which is not processed from a larger precursor.

D-dopachrome tautomerase [2] is a mammalian cytoplasmic enzyme involved in melanin biosynthesis and that tautomerizes D-dopachrome with concomitant decarboxylation to give 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI). It is a protein of 117 residues highly related to MIF.

It must be noted that MIF binds glutathione and has been said to be related to glutathione S-transferases. This assertion has been later disproved [3].

As a signature pattern for these proteins, we selected a conserved region located in the central section.

Last update:

December 2004 / Pattern and text revised.

Technical section:

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

MIF, PS01158Macrophage migration inhibitory factor family signature  (PATTERN)
Consensus pattern: [DE]-P-[CLV]-[APT]-x(3)-[LIVM]-x-S-[IS]-[GT]-x-[LIVM]-[GST]
Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL
Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE
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Matching PDB structures: 1CA7 1CGQ 1DPT 1FIM ... [ALL]

References:

1 AuthorsBucala R.
TitleIdentification of MIF as a new pituitary hormone and macrophage cytokine and its role in endotoxic shock.
SourceImmunol. Lett. 43:23-26(1994).
PubMed ID7737686
2 AuthorsOdh G., Hindemith A., Rosengren A.-M., Rosengren E., Rorsman H.
TitleIsolation of a new tautomerase monitored by the conversion of D-dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole.
SourceBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197:619-624(1993).
PubMed ID8267597
3 AuthorsPearson W.R.
TitleMIF proteins are not glutathione transferase homologs.
SourceProtein Sci. 3:525-527(1994).
PubMed ID8019423

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