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PROSITE documentation PDOC00076 |
Multicopper oxidases [1,2] are enzymes that possess three spectroscopically different copper centers. These centers are called: type 1 (or blue), type 2 (or normal) and type 3 (or coupled binuclear). The enzymes that belong to this family are:
In addition to the above enzymes there are a number of proteins which, on the basis of sequence similarities, can be said to belong to this family. These proteins are:
Factors V and VIII act as cofactors in blood coagulation and are structurally similar [4]. Their sequence consists of a triplicated A domain, a B domain and a duplicated C domain; in the following order: A-A-B-A-C-C. The A-type domain is related to the multicopper oxidases.
We have developed two signature patterns for these proteins. Both patterns are derived from the same region, which in ascorbate oxidase, laccase, in the third domain of ceruloplasmin, and in copA, contains five residues that are known to be involved in the binding of copper centers. The first pattern does not make any assumption on the presence of copper-binding residues and thus can detect domains that have lost the ability to bind copper (such as those in Fa V and Fa VIII), while the second pattern is specific to copper-binding domains.
Last update:April 2006 / Pattern revised.
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PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
1 | Authors | Messerschmidt A. Huber R. |
Title | The blue oxidases, ascorbate oxidase, laccase and ceruloplasmin. Modelling and structural relationships. | |
Source | Eur. J. Biochem. 187:341-352(1990). | |
PubMed ID | 2404764 |
2 | Authors | Ouzounis C. Sander C. |
Title | A structure-derived sequence pattern for the detection of type I copper binding domains in distantly related proteins. | |
Source | FEBS Lett. 279:73-78(1991). | |
PubMed ID | 1995346 |
3 | Authors | Askwith C. Eide D. Van Ho A. Bernard P.S. Li L. Davis-Kaplan S. Sipe D.M. Kaplan J. |
Title | The FET3 gene of S. cerevisiae encodes a multicopper oxidase required for ferrous iron uptake. | |
Source | Cell 76:403-410(1994). | |
PubMed ID | 8293473 |
4 | Authors | Mann K.G. Jenny R.J. Krishnaswamy S. |
Title | Cofactor proteins in the assembly and expression of blood clotting enzyme complexes. | |
Source | Annu. Rev. Biochem. 57:915-956(1988). | |
PubMed ID | 3052293 | |
DOI | 10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.004411 |
E1 | Source | http://www.factorviii-db.org/ |