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We are deeply saddened by the passing of Amos Bairoch (1957–2025), the creator of PROSITE. We wish to dedicate our latest paper, published shortly before his death, to him. He will always be a source of inspiration to us.
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Amos Bairoch

PROSITE documentation PDOC00110
Lipases, serine active site


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PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC00110

Description

Triglyceride lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) [1] are lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyzes the ester bond of triglycerides. Lipases are widely distributed in animals, plants and prokaryotes. In higher vertebrates there are at least three tissue-specific isozymes: pancreatic, hepatic, and gastric/lingual. These three types of lipases are closely related to each other as well as to lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) [2], which hydrolyzes triglycerides of chylomicrons and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL).

The most conserved region in all these proteins is centered around a serine residue which has been shown [3] to participate, with an histidine and an aspartic acid residue, to a charge relay system. Such a region is also present in lipases of prokaryotic origin and in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.43) (LCAT) [4], which catalyzes fatty acid transfer between phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. We have built a pattern from that region.

Note:

Drosophila vitellogenins are also related to lipases [5], but they have lost their active site serine.

Last update:

December 2004 / Pattern and text revised.

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Technical section

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

LIPASE_SER, PS00120; Lipases, serine active site  (PATTERN)


References

1AuthorsChapus C. Rovery M. Sarda L. Verger R.
TitleMinireview on pancreatic lipase and colipase.
SourceBiochimie 70:1223-1234(1988).
PubMed ID3147715

2AuthorsPersson B. Bengtsson-Olivecrona G. Enerback S. Olivecrona T. Jornvall H.
TitleStructural features of lipoprotein lipase. Lipase family relationships, binding interactions, non-equivalence of lipase cofactors, vitellogenin similarities and functional subdivision of lipoprotein lipase.
SourceEur. J. Biochem. 179:39-45(1989).
PubMed ID2917565

3AuthorsBlow D.
TitleEnzymology. More of the catalytic triad.
SourceNature 343:694-695(1990).
PubMed ID2304545
DOI10.1038/343694a0

4AuthorsMcLean J. Fielding C. Drayna D. Dieplinger H. Baer B. Kohr W. Henzel W. Lawn R.
TitleCloning and expression of human lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase cDNA.
SourceProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:2335-2339(1986).
PubMed ID3458198

5AuthorsBaker M.E.
TitleIs vitellogenin an ancestor of apolipoprotein B-100 of human low-density lipoprotein and human lipoprotein lipase?
SourceBiochem. J. 255:1057-1060(1988).
PubMed ID3145737



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