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We are deeply saddened by the passing of Amos Bairoch (1957–2025), the creator of PROSITE. We wish to dedicate our latest paper, published shortly before his death, to him. He will always be a source of inspiration to us.
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Amos Bairoch

PROSITE documentation PDOC00173
Glutaredoxin active site signature and domain profile


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PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC00173

Description

Glutaredoxin [1,2,3], also known as thioltransferase, is a small protein of approximately one hundred amino-acid residues. It functions as an electron carrier in the glutathione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. Like thioredoxin, which functions in a similar way, glutaredoxin possesses an active center disulfide bond. It exists in either a reduced or an oxidized form where the two cysteine residues are linked in an intramolecular disulfide bond.

Glutaredoxin has been sequenced in a variety of species. On the basis of extensive sequence similarity, it has been proposed [4] that vaccinia protein O2L is most probably a glutaredoxin. Finally, it must be noted that phage T4 thioredoxin seems also to be evolutionary related.

The pattern is directed against the 2 cysteines of the redox active bonds. We also developed a profile that covers the whole glutaredoxin domain.

Note:

In position 5 of the pattern, all glutaredoxin sequences have Pro while T4 thioredoxin has Val.

Last update:

December 2007 / Text revised and profile added.

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Technical section

PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

GLUTAREDOXIN_2, PS51354; Glutaredoxin domain profile  (MATRIX)

GLUTAREDOXIN_1, PS00195; Glutaredoxin active site  (PATTERN)


References

1AuthorsGleason F.K. Holmgren A.
TitleThioredoxin and related proteins in procaryotes.
SourceFEMS Microbiol. Rev. 4:271-297(1988).
PubMed ID3152490

2AuthorsHolmgren A.
TitleThioredoxin and glutaredoxin: small multi-functional redox proteins with active-site disulphide bonds.
SourceBiochem. Soc. Trans. 16:95-96(1988).
PubMed ID3286320

3AuthorsHolmgren A.
TitleThioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems.
SourceJ. Biol. Chem. 264:13963-13966(1989).
PubMed ID2668278

4AuthorsJohnson G.P. Goebel S.J. Perkus M.E. Davis S.W. Winslow J.P. Paoletti E.
TitleVaccinia virus encodes a protein with similarity to glutaredoxins.
SourceVirology 181:378-381(1991).
PubMed ID1994586



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