We are deeply saddened by the passing of Amos Bairoch (1957–2025), the creator of PROSITE. We wish to dedicate our latest paper, published shortly before his death, to him. He will always be a source of inspiration to us.
Our deepest condolences go out to his family and friends, and to all those who had the privilege of working with him. Rest in peace, Amos. Your work will live on long after you are gone.
Our deepest condolences go out to his family and friends, and to all those who had the privilege of working with him. Rest in peace, Amos. Your work will live on long after you are gone.
PROSITE documentation PDOC00302MADS-box domain signature and profile
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PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC00302
Description
A number of transcription factors contain a conserved domain of 56 amino-acid residues, sometimes known as the MADS-box domain. They are listed below:
- Serum response factor (SRF) [1], a mammalian transcription factor that binds to the Serum Response Element (SRE). This is a short sequence of dyad symmetry located 300 bp to the 5' end of the transcription initiation site of genes such as c-fos.
- Mammalian myocyte-specific enhancer factors 2A to 2D (MEF2A to MEF2D). These proteins are transcription factor which binds specifically to the MEF2 element present in the regulatory regions of many muscle-specific genes.
- Drosophila myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2 (MEF2).
- Yeast GRM/PRTF protein (gene MCM1) [2], a transcriptional regulator of mating-type-specific genes.
- Yeast arginine metabolism regulation protein I (gene ARGR1 or ARG80).
- Yeast transcription factor RLM1.
- Yeast transcription factor SMP1.
- Arabidopsis thaliana agamous protein (AG) [3], a probable transcription factor involved in regulating genes that determines stamen and carpel development in wild-type flowers. Mutations in the AG gene result in the replacement of the stamens by petals and the carpels by a new flower.
- Arabidopsis thaliana homeotic proteins Apetala1 (AP1), Apetala3 (AP3) and Pistillata (PI) which act locally to specify the identity of the floral meristem and to determine sepal and petal development [4].
- Antirrhinum majus and tobacco homeotic protein deficiens (DEFA) and globosa (GLO) [5]. Both proteins are transcription factors involved in the genetic control of flower development. Mutations in DEFA or GLO cause the transformation of petals into sepals and of stamina into carpels.
- Arabidopsis thaliana putative transcription factors AGL1 to AGL6 [6].
- Antirrhinum majus morphogenetic protein DEF H33 (squamosa).
In SRF, the conserved domain has been shown [1] to be involved in DNA-binding and dimerization. We have derived a pattern that spans the complete length of the domain. The profile also spans the length of the MADS-box.
Last update:April 2006 / Pattern revised.
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Technical section
PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
References
| 1 | Authors | Norman C. Runswick M. Pollock R. Treisman R. |
| Title | Isolation and properties of cDNA clones encoding SRF, a transcription factor that binds to the c-fos serum response element. | |
| Source | Cell 55:989-1003(1988). | |
| PubMed ID | 3203386 |
| 2 | Authors | Passmore S. Maine G.T. Elble R. Christ C. Tye B.-K. |
| Title | Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein involved in plasmid maintenance is necessary for mating of MAT alpha cells. | |
| Source | J. Mol. Biol. 204:593-606(1988). | |
| PubMed ID | 3066908 |
| 3 | Authors | Yanofsky M.F. Ma H. Bowman J.L. Drews G.N. Feldmann K.A. Meyerowitz E.M. |
| Title | The protein encoded by the Arabidopsis homeotic gene agamous resembles transcription factors. | |
| Source | Nature 346:35-39(1990). | |
| PubMed ID | 1973265 | |
| DOI | 10.1038/346035a0 |
| 4 | Authors | Goto K. Meyerowitz E.M. |
| Title | Function and regulation of the Arabidopsis floral homeotic gene PISTILLATA. | |
| Source | Genes Dev. 8:1548-1560(1994). | |
| PubMed ID | 7958839 |
| 5 | Authors | Troebner W. Ramirez L. Motte P. Hue I. Huijser P. Loennig W.-E. Saedler H. Sommer H. Schwartz-Sommer Z. |
| Source | EMBO J. 11:4693-4704(1992). |
| 6 | Authors | Ma H. Yanofsky M.F. Meyerowitz E.M. |
| Title | AGL1-AGL6, an Arabidopsis gene family with similarity to floral homeotic and transcription factor genes. | |
| Source | Genes Dev. 5:484-495(1991). | |
| PubMed ID | 1672119 |
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