PROSITE documentation PDOC00336Phosphofructokinase signature
Phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) (PFK) [1,2] is a key regulatory enzyme in the glycolytic pathway. It catalyzes the phosphorylation by ATP of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. In bacteria PFK is a tetramer of identical 36 Kd subunits. In mammals it is a tetramer of 80 Kd subunits. Each 80 Kd subunit consist of two homologous domains which are highly related to the bacterial 36 Kd subunits. In Human there are three, tissue-specific, types of PFK isozymes: PFKM (muscle), PFKL (liver), and PFKP (platelet). In yeast PFK is an octamer composed of four 100 Kd α chains (gene PFK1) and four 100 Kd β chains (gene PFK2); like the mammalian 80 Kd subunits, the yeast 100 Kd subunits are composed of two homologous domains.
As a signature pattern for PFK we selected a region that contains three basic residues involved in fructose-6-phosphate binding.
Note:Escherichia coli has two phosphofructokinase isozymes which are encoded by genes pfkA (major) and pfkB (minor). The pfkB isozyme is not evolutionary related to other prokaryotic or eukaryotic PFK's (see <PDOC00504>).
Last update:April 2006 / Pattern revised.
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PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Poorman R.A. Randolph A. Kemp R.G. Heinrikson R.L. |
| Title | Evolution of phosphofructokinase--gene duplication and creation of new effector sites. | |
| Source | Nature 309:467-469(1984). | |
| PubMed ID | 6233492 |
| 2 | Authors | Heinisch J. Ritzel R.G. von Borstel R.C. Aguilera A. Rodicio R. Zimmermann F.K. |
| Title | The phosphofructokinase genes of yeast evolved from two duplication events. | |
| Source | Gene 78:309-321(1989). | |
| PubMed ID | 2528496 |
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