PROSITE documentation PDOC00710

Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signatures and profile

Description

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) (EC 2.7.1.137) [1] is an enzyme that phosphorylates phosphoinositides on the 3-hydroxyl group of the inositol ring. The exact function of the three products of PI3-kinase - PI-3-P, PI-3,4-P(2) and PI-3,4,5-P(3) - is not yet known, although it is proposed that they function as second messengers in cell signalling. Currently, three forms of PI3-kinase are known:

  • The mammalian enzyme which is a heterodimer of a 110 Kd catalytic chain (p110) and an 85 Kd subunit (p85) which allows it to bind to activated tyrosine protein kinases. There are at least two different types of p100 subunits (α and β).
  • Yeast TOR1/DRR1 and TOR2/DRR2 [2], PI3-kinases required for cell cycle activation. Both are proteins of about 280 Kd.
  • Yeast VPS34 [3], a PI3-kinase involved in vacuolar sorting and segregation. VPS34 is a protein of about 100 Kd.
  • Arabidopsis thaliana and soybean VPS34 homologs.

Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4-kinase) (EC 2.7.1.67) [4] is an enzyme that acts on phosphatidylinositol (PI) in the first committed step in the production of the second messenger inositol-1,4,5,-trisphosphate. Currently the following forms of PI4-kinases are known:

  • Human PI4-kinase α.
  • Yeast PIK1, a nuclear protein of 120 Kd.
  • Yeast STT4, a protein of 214 Kd.

The PI3- and PI4-kinases share a well conserved domain at their C-terminal section; this domain seems to be distantly related to the catalytic domain of protein kinases [2]. We developed two signature patterns from the best conserved parts of this domain.

Four additional proteins belong to this family:

  • Mammalian FKBP-rapamycin associated protein (FRAP) [5], which acts as the target for the cell-cycle arrest and immunosuppressive effects of the FKBP12-rapamycin complex.
  • Yeast protein ESR1 [6] which is required for cell growth, DNA repair and meiotic recombination.
  • Yeast protein TEL1 which is involved in controlling telomere length.
  • Yeast hypothetical protein YHR099w, a distantly related member of this family.
  • Fission yeast hypothetical protein SpAC22E12.16C.

A profile was also developed that spans the complete C-terminal domain.

Last update:

December 2004 / Patterns and text revised.

Technical section

PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

PI3_4_KINASE_3, PS50290; Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases family profile  (MATRIX)
Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the profile: ALL
Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
• Domain architecture view of Swiss-Prot proteins matching PS50290
PS50290
• Retrieve an alignment of Swiss-Prot true positive hits:
  Clustal format, color, condensed view  / Clustal format, color  / Clustal format, plain text  / Fasta format
• Retrieve the sequence logo from the alignment
• Taxonomic tree view of all Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries matching PS50290
• Retrieve a list of all Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries matching PS50290
• Scan Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries against PS50290
• view ligand binding statistics
Matching PDB structures: 1E7U 1E7V 1E8W 1E8X ... [ALL]
PI3_4_KINASE_1, PS00915; Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 1  (PATTERN)
Consensus pattern: [LIVMFAC]-K-x(1,3)-[DEA]-[DE]-[LIVMCP]-R-Q-[DE]-x(4)-Q
Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except for yeast YHR099w
Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
• Retrieve an alignment of Swiss-Prot true positive hits:
  Clustal format, color, condensed view  / Clustal format, color  / Clustal format, plain text  / Fasta format
• Retrieve the sequence logo from the alignment
• Taxonomic tree view of all Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries matching PS00915
• Retrieve a list of all Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries matching PS00915
• Scan Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries against PS00915
• view ligand binding statistics
Matching PDB structures: 1E7U 1E7V 1E8W 1E8X ... [ALL]
PI3_4_KINASE_2, PS00916; Phosphatidylinositol 3- and 4-kinases signature 2  (PATTERN)
Consensus pattern: [GSET]-x-[AVE]-x(3)-[LIVM]-x(2)-[FYHW]-[LIVM](2)-x-[LIVMFN]-x-D-R-[HNG]-x(2)-N
Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except for yeast YHR099w
Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: NONE.
• Retrieve an alignment of Swiss-Prot true positive hits:
  Clustal format, color, condensed view  / Clustal format, color  / Clustal format, plain text  / Fasta format
• Retrieve the sequence logo from the alignment
• Taxonomic tree view of all Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries matching PS00916
• Retrieve a list of all Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries matching PS00916
• Scan Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL entries against PS00916
• view ligand binding statistics
Matching PDB structures: 1E7U 1E7V 1E8W 1E8X ... [ALL]

References

1 Authors Hiles I.D., Otsu M., Volinia S., Fry M.J., Gout I., Dhand R., Panayotou G., Ruiz-Larrea F., Thompson A., Totty N.F.
Title Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase: structure and expression of the 110 kd catalytic subunit.
Source Cell 70:419-429(1992).
PubMed ID 1322797
2 Authors Kunz J., Henriquez R., Schneider U., Deuter-Reinhard M., Movva N.R., Hall M.N.
Title Target of rapamycin in yeast, TOR2, is an essential phosphatidylinositol kinase homolog required for G1 progression.
Source Cell 73:585-596(1993).
PubMed ID 8387896
3 Authors Schu P.V., Takegawa K., Fry M.J., Stack J.H., Waterfield M.D., Emr S.D.
Title Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase encoded by yeast VPS34 gene essential for protein sorting.
Source Science 260:88-91(1993).
PubMed ID 8385367
4 Authors Garcia-Bustos J.F., Marini F., Stevenson I., Frei C., Hall M.N.
Source EMBO J. 13:2352-2361(1994).
5 Authors Brown E.J., Albers M.W., Shin T.B., Ichikawa K., Keith C.T., Lane W.S., Schreiber S.L.
Title A mammalian protein targeted by G1-arresting rapamycin-receptor complex.
Source Nature 369:756-758(1994).
PubMed ID 8008069
DOI 10.1038/369756a0
6 Authors Kato R., Ogawa H.
Title An essential gene, ESR1, is required for mitotic cell growth, DNA repair and meiotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Source Nucleic Acids Res. 22:3104-3112(1994).
PubMed ID 8065923

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