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PROSITE documentation PDOC00250Staphylococcal enterotoxins / Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins signatures
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PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC00250
Staphylococcal enterotoxins and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins constitute a family of biologically and structurally related toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes [1,2]. These toxins share the ability to bind to the major histocompatibility complex proteins of their hosts. The toxins that belong to this family are:
- Staphylococcal enterotoxins are the cause of staphylococcal food poisoning syndrome. The sequence of six different enterotoxins is known: SEA, SEB, SEC1, SEC3, SED, and SEE.
- Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins are the causative agents of the symptoms associated with scarlet fever. The sequence of two pyrogenic exotoxins is known: SPEA, and SPEC.
- Staphylococcus aureus toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1).
While the enterotoxins and the pyrogenic exotoxins are closely related, TSST-1 seems to be only distantly related to the other toxins. We developed two patterns for this family of toxins. The first one is based on a well conserved region of enterotoxins and pyrogenic exotoxins, but which does not pick up TSST-1; the second pattern is derived from a more diffuse region of similarity common to all these toxins.
Last update:April 2006 / Pattern revised.
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PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:
| 1 | Authors | Iandolo J.J. |
| Title | Genetic analysis of extracellular toxins of Staphylococcus aureus. | |
| Source | Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 43:375-402(1989). | |
| PubMed ID | 2679358 | |
| DOI | 10.1146/annurev.mi.43.100189.002111 |
| 2 | Authors | Marrack P. Kappler J. |
| Title | The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives. | |
| Source | Science 248:705-711(1990). | |
| PubMed ID | 2185544 |
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