PROSITE logo
Black ribbon
We are deeply saddened by the passing of Amos Bairoch (1957–2025), the creator of PROSITE. We wish to dedicate our latest paper, published shortly before his death, to him. He will always be a source of inspiration to us.
Our deepest condolences go out to his family and friends, and to all those who had the privilege of working with him. Rest in peace, Amos. Your work will live on long after you are gone.
Amos Bairoch

PROSITE documentation PDOC50824
DAPIN domain profile


View entry in original PROSITE document format
View entry in raw text format (no links)
PURL: https://purl.expasy.org/prosite/documentation/PDOC50824

Description

The DAPIN (Domain in Apoptosis and INterferon response) domain is an 80-100-residue domain which is found in the N-terminus of diverse vertebrate and vertebrate-specific viral proteins involved in apoptosis, cancer, inflammation, and immune response. The DAPIN domain can be found alone or in association with other domains [1,2,3] like CARD (see <PDOC50209>, NACHT, HIN-200 (see <PDOC50834>), LRR, SPRY, Caspase (see <PDOC00864>) or Zinc finger B-box (see <PDOC50119>). It has been proposed that the DAPIN domain might have an adaptor function, coupling apoptosis and immune disorders [1,2,3]. It has been shown that the DAPIN domain is a protein-protein interaction domain capable of binding to other DAPIN domains [1].

Secondary structure predictions have identified the DAPIN domain as mostly α-helical and it has been suggested that it could belong to the DEATH-domain-fold superfamily, which includes the CARD, the DEATH domain (DD) (see <PDOC50017>) and the DEATH effector domain (DED) (see <PDOC50168>) [1,2,3].

The DAPIN domain has also been called pyrin domain, pyrin N-terminal homology domain (PYD) or PAAD (after the protein families pyrin, AIM, ASC death-domain-like) [2,3].

Proteins known to contain a DAPIN domain are listed below:

  • Mammalian pyrin. Mutations in the human pyrin MEFV gene are the cause of familial Mediterranean fever. Pyrin localizes to the perinuclear cytoplasm and interacts with a putative Golgi transport protein.
  • Mammalian ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) or Pycard (PYD and CARD containing protein). It forms aggregates when apoptosis is induced by certain anti-tumor drugs.
  • Human NALP1 and NALP2 (NACHT-, LRR- and PYD-containing proteins).
  • Zebrafish caspases CASPY and CASPY2.
  • Mammalian HIN-200 family of hematopoietic interferon-inducible nuclear proteins. This family includes AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2), MNDA (myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen) and IFI16.
  • Rabbit myxoma virus M013L protein.
  • Rabbit fibroma virus GP013L protein.

We developed a profile that covers the whole domain.

Last update:

December 2001 / First entry.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Technical section

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

DAPIN, PS50824; DAPIN domain profile  (MATRIX)


References

1AuthorsStaub E. Dahl E. Rosenthal A.
TitleThe DAPIN family: a novel domain links apoptotic and interferon response proteins.
SourceTrends Biochem. Sci. 26:83-85(2001).
PubMed ID11166557

2AuthorsPawlowski K. Pio F. Chu Z.-L. Reed J.C. Godzik A.
TitlePAAD - a new protein domain associated with apoptosis, cancer and autoimmune diseases.
SourceTrends Biochem. Sci. 26:85-87(2001).
PubMed ID11166558

3AuthorsMartinon F. Hofmann K. Tschopp J.
TitleThe pyrin domain: a possible member of the death domain-fold family implicated in apoptosis and inflammation.
SourceCurr. Biol. 11:R118-R120(2001).
PubMed ID11250163



PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see prosite_license.html.